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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso makes use of precise pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the delicious coffee we enjoy. What exactly is it?

To make an espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However, it is the pressure that makes the main difference.

The Head of the Group

The group head is the portafilter that you place in the espresso maker when making it. It distributes water into the portafilter and regulates the pressure during the extraction. There are a variety of group heads each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Some are designed for the stability of temperature while some are built to handle pre-infusion. Some are designed to control the lever. There are even some that contain a variety of features, like the E61, which is the most popular choice among baristas for its ability to provide multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the photo above the head of the group is fitted with several notches. You can place your portafilter inside these notches, and then twist the head to secure it. There is also a gasket made of rubber which is located inside the notches and helps create an airtight seal after inserting your portafilter into the machine. The notches on the head permit an exact positioning of the portafilter which is crucial to ensure an even extraction.

Aside from allowing you to easily insert your portafilter, the group head is responsible for maintaining an even temperature. This is accomplished by cycling hot water around the portafilter and through the brew basin, ensuring that the temperature is constant to extract the coffee. This is vital, because just a few degrees could make the difference between a good and excellent espresso.

The Pump

Motorized pumps in rotary espresso coffee machine for home machines supply the nine atmospheric bar pressure needed for espresso extraction. This is different from manually operated piston machines that employ a lever. The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically more affordable and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both kinds of machines may degrade because of excessive use and inadequate cleaning. They also create mechanical complexity and can lead to the cost of even the most basic models.

Some espresso machines remove the pump completely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. The drawback of this is that the same boiler that produces steam also raises the temperature of the water to the point of boiling which can cause excessive extraction. The machines also need to constantly rebuild their pressure in between cups. This requires energy and time.

Many espresso coffee makers machines make use of a vibration or rotary pump, with a vibration model using a vibrating disc to create pressure, and an rotary model that pushes hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both models are capable of producing excellent commercial espresso machine, however Rotary machines are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps.

The Boiler

The boiler will heat the water to a temperature that is ideal for extraction. The steam produced is then directed to the portafilter, which is the container that holds the espresso coffee grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. During this process the steam causes enough pressure to push the grounds of the coffee through. This results in a layer of crema that is then poured over. This is the hallmark of a good espresso.

There are three kinds of espresso machines, each with distinct pumps and the temperature of the brew. There are a variety of ways in which the brew could be controlled and the dimensions of the cup the machine can produce.

The first espresso machines were steam-based. The earliest espresso machines were steam types. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. The modern espresso machine was created by the Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni.

The most popular espresso machine small machine is a semiautomatic model with an electric pump. These are what people imagine when they imagine an espresso machine sale machine. If you have a semi-automatic machine you need to grind the beans and tamp them by hand. However, the pump provides regulated water flow and pressure. This is an excellent compromise between human touch and mechanized quality.

The Filter

Typically, espresso machines use filters to separate the grounds of coffee as they move through the hot water. The filter is also a vital component of the machine's temperature control, as it helps prevent overheating.

It also enhances flavor as a filter lets you enjoy a longer bloom phase. This helps the beans release their flavors and provides an opportunity to improve extraction.

It is important to keep in mind that even the best filter can make a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans and the extraction, remain crucial.

It's here that the magic occurs. This is the reason why espresso tastes so delicious. The grouphead (also known as the brewhead) is where you place the portafilter, the device that you use to put the grounds of your coffee into when making espresso.

In a steam-driven espresso machine, hot water is heated in an airtight container to create steam. This then pushes the hot water through the grounds under high pressure. These kinds of machines are usually cheaper and easier to maintain than pump-driven models. They are however limited to create the ideal conditions for brewing since they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They use an air compressor to push hot water into the grounds and are more portable than steam-driven electric machines.