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Assembly Language or Machine Code ?

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작성자 Roosevelt
댓글 0건 조회 11회 작성일 24-08-22 14:26

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Suppose they were all at the exact same point on Earth (which they won't be, thus mitigating the effects of the jump). It had an integrated floating decimal point mathematic co-processor for the first time in x86 history. Implementations of programming languages that time forgot, such as ALGOL-60, FOCAL, FOOGOL, INTERCAL, JCL, MIXAL, OISC, PILOT, TRAC, what is billiards Little Smalltalk or Orthogonal. It involves asteroids, like the above method, only instead of direct impacts, this time we just steer them past the Earth, allowing rock and planet to exchange a little momentum, with the result of an Earth moving on a slightly different track and an asteroid moving on a significantly different one. They only work in DOS, but they can be executed in Linux via an emulator or virtual machine like DOSbox or DOSemu. To the ignorant they seem like 'an attic full of dusty old things', but to the expert they are cherised treasures of what was, once upon a time, state-of-the-art in Computing Science. Most important is the Internet Protocol, working together with the Transfer Control Protocol or else with the User Datagramme Protocol, which are necessary for negotiation of transmissions between computers or through them.



1972: Usenet for News Groups of Duke University, working through Unics operating system. Not one second passes during a powered working session without the computer executing machine code. 1865: James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) discovers that electricity and magnetism is one single force, that according to him propagates in the form of waves. 1831: Michael Faraday (1791-1867) discovers that a variable magnetic field generates an electric current, inventing the magneto. In 1867 Charles Sanders Peirce suggested that the system could be applied to electric circuits, while Claude Shannon explained in 1936 how this application could be done. Taking the word "computer" in its etymological sense of "counter" or "calculator", some of those primitive computers are: -The calculation devices of John Napier in 1617, of William Oughtred in 1621-1627, and of Bissaker in 1654. -The calculator machines of Heinrich Schickart in 1623, of Blaise Pascal in 1642-1652, of Sir Samuel Morland about 1660, of Wilhelm Leibnitz in 1694, and of Mattieu Hahn in 1779. Besides those purely mathematical calculators, the first automatic machines were built by M. Falcon in 1728, by Basile Bouchon in those years, and by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1801-1804. The first mechanic computers were tentatively built by Charles Babbage in 1821-1834 and in 1834-1871, although they were never finished by him.



In 1951 those modifications were released in a new model renamed UNIVAC I, Universal Automatic Computer I (see further below). This tabulator was the first important application of a computer in History: in competition against a few other inventions, Hollerith's machine won the contract for the North American census of 1890. The machine was in service until the 1930's. In 1896 Hermann Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company (TMC), renamed in 1911 Computer Tabulating Recording (CTR), and in 1924 International Business Machines (IBM). In service until 1959, it could add or substract numbers of 23 ciphers in 0.2 seconds, multiply them in 4 seconds, or divide them in 10 seconds. A famous arithmetical competition was organised in 1946, confronting two well known specialists in calculations: a soldier of the United States Army using an electro-mechanic desktop calculator, and a clerk of the Japanese Postal Service using a typical Japanese abacus. The abacus is still used today in parts of Russia and Asia, mostly by vendors in street markets or in shops. The Indian numeral system thus becomes known to Muslim scholars in the Iberian Peninsula in that VIII century, and thence it slowly spreads to the rest of Europe, becoming about the XII century predominant over the Roman numeral system (although Roman numerals are still used today).



It is commonly used today in precision instruments. QBasic also appeared in 1988, as an interpreted dialect that allowed 160 Kilobytes of programme size (while the QuickBasic translator allowed 64 Kilobytes), and without the linking features of QuickBasic 4.5, but otherwise identical. One is QBasic, QuickBasic 4.5 or QuickBasic Extended 7.1 (QBX PDS), which are available in Internet for free use under the Microsoft Life Cycle Policy. Which means the distance the Earth moves when everybody jumps will be one trillionth of the distance that all the people jumped: that is to say, 10-11 metres, or about half the radius of a hydrogen atom. The American National Standards Institute introduced in 1974 a dialect called Cobol ANSI 74, and another dialect was introduced in 1980 with the name of Cobol 80. In spite of these few dialects, Cobol has always been one of the most unified of all programming languages, and can be easily learnt by those acquainted with the daily routine in offices and archives. There is documented use in the Roman Empire, China, Japan and a few other countries since the I century or before, in more countries afterwards.

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