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coffee beans uk Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different varieties produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor, and are often added to blends of coffee to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of global production. Arabica beans are softer and sweeter than Robusta. They also come in different flavors. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary widely depending on the growing conditions and the processing methods used to make it.

The word 'coffee' actually comes from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were invigorated by eating these fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly across the globe.

light roast coffee beans beans can be grown at higher altitudes, and are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on the ethical source of their arabica beans by focusing on fair compensation for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make unique signature coffees that are well-suited for a wide range of brewing methods. Blending can control the aroma, taste, body and acidity of coffee. It is often preferred to achieve a consistent and balanced taste that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally-occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation during the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more resilient than the arabica and may grow in less favorable conditions. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a more cost-effective crop to grow.

While it may sound counterintuitive, Robusta and arabica beans are often blended to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag, it's possible that there is also some robusta.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do mix the two varieties to cut costs and preserve quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it's essential to select a top-quality bean from a source you can trust. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape like a football, which is why they are different from other coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are often added to other bean varieties to create the fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for home cultivation. You can find the seeds online from a number of sources, however it is preferred to purchase them from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee are fertile, deep volcano soils with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was previously classified as a separate species, but has been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are oval-shaped and are grown on large coffee plants that reach 20 to 30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both fruity and tart that has made them a preferred selection in blends for house. They have a less pronounced aroma and caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but still have a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee Beans types beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious flavor. These beans are commonly used to give blends extra body and a tangy taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are the most popular, and are well-known for their the most delicious taste. They thrive in tropical, warm environments and at high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second to Arabica and makes up around 40 percent of the world's beans. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder but they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have an earthy, woody flavor.

Now that you've learned the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect cup. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean or a blend made up of robusta and arabica beans.