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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window is a nuisance. This can be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones, and reap advantages like improved comfort, increased resale values and reduced utility bills.

You can do it yourself at a fraction of what it would cost to hire an expert. It requires the right tools and only an hour or two of your time.

Glass

If your single-pane windows are old, deteriorating or broken window replacement replacing them with modern insulated or tempered glass can improve energy efficiency and reduce noise while maintaining the original character of older homes. A majority of homeowners with hand tools can replace the window pane. In addition to a new pane, the following components are required for the replacement process: latex glazing putty Glazier's points; pliers and an electric heater to warm the old putty if required. Wear safety glasses and gloves before you begin. Working with broken glass could cause serious injuries.

Begin by removing any remaining broken pieces of glass. This is best accomplished with the help of pliers but a flathead screwdriver can also be effective in the pinch. Use a wood chisel, or putty knife to get rid of any old putty that remains around the frame and the window sash. Be careful not to break the window sash. Be careful and slow. It is recommended to do this on a sturdy ladder rather than the ground and place someone on the sash in order to help hold it in place.

Prepare the window frame to accommodate the new pane once you have removed the old putty. Measure the width and height of the opening for the sash by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). Bring these measurements to a hardware store or home center and find a piece glass cut to size. You can also cut the glass by yourself if you possess the right tools.

After putting in the new glass After installing the glass, apply a small amount of caulking around the edge. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will help secure the pane. The points should not be so tight that they cause friction between the sash and the frame but they should not be too loose.

Before applying the putty on the surface, you must knead it thoroughly until it is soft and free of lumps. Roll it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the frame's corner. Work from one corner to the next, making sure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are small triangular pieces of steel that help secure the glass to the frame without damaging the delicate surface. It's easy to learn how to use this hidden tool, and you'll be able to save money on the expense of an installation by a professional.

After removing the old putty, glazier points as well as any remaining leftovers Clean the frame thoroughly with an utility knife. If needed you can lightly sand the wood along grooves of the rabbets to smooth rough areas. If you do sand your wood, ensure you protect it with painter's tape to avoid accidental damage.

Write down the exact dimensions of the frame. These measurements can be brought to an hardware or home centers store and the new pane will be cut slightly smaller. This will ensure a snug fit, and allow for expansion and contraction.

Place the new window in the frame and press it in place using your hand. Utilize the chisel's point or the edge of the putty blade to tap in the glaziers' points as illustrated in Figure 11. When you're done, they should be flush with the top edge of the pane and the shoulders that are raised of the points should be just below the rabbet's rim groove.

Apply a thin bead of glazing compound over the edges of the new glass and in the rabbet grooves to seal and protect them. Let it dry and cure fully.

Install the new window sash once the glazing compound has dried. First, coat the wood with a thick coat of linseed oil. This will prevent the new putty from soaking up the moisture and drying out and cracking with time. Use a brush to apply this coat, or the tip of the putty blade. Then, use the chisel on the back of the putty tool or the back of the handle to gently hammer the new sash or glazier's tip into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this process every 10 inches around the perimeter of the frame.

Putty

A baseball hit, a rock thrown in error, or a tree falling can cause a broken or cracked window pane. The majority of windows can be replaced easily by simply putting in a fresh piece. The glass is held in place using tiny metal clips known as a glazier's point, and putty, which is often called glazing compound. Before installing a replacement double glazed windows pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area with an abrasive and a pull-type paint scraper or the wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses while you do this work. You'll need a heating gun in the event that the window is glued into the frame.

If you're planning to reinstall your original sash, remove the molding that supports the old pane. Sand the sash until it's flat and ready to receive new caulk. Once the sash is installed then, apply a new silicone caulk around the glass to ensure it doesn't swell or fade over time.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets, or the grooves in the sash where the glass is. If they're hard to chisel out, you can try holding an instrument like a heat gun over them to soften them up first. If you're using a heated gun, make sure not to scratch the railings of the sash or the sash itself by holding the tool too closely.

Make the bed for your new pane by removing the old putty and glazing points. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, forming it to be about 1/2-inch thick. Press it into the rabbets, where the glass will be placed. It is essential that the glass rests against the putty on each side If you have to do so, gently tap the glass into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack then you can seal it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. If the crack isn't sealed, you'll need to apply putty to keep water out. Once the putty is dry, wipe the oily film from the glass and let it dry completely before you paint. Paint after the putty has completely dried. It will not make a strong seal and could leak or discolor with time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a damaged piece of glass. It's true that replacing a single pane glass doesn't have to be expensive when you do it on your own. In fact, even a double-pane window can be replaced at only a fraction of the cost of a professional.

If you are working with a large glass window first, ensure that it is securely fixed to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques you can complete this task easily and fast.

When you are ready to begin taking down the old window pane. Remove the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. They are basically tiny metal triangles which function as "nails" that keep the window in place within the frame of wood. They are submerged under a bead of glazing putty that is then cured to form a solid, formed wedge which holds the window in place and hides the window's points.

Once you have the old pane removed, clean up the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape away any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves, where the glazing points used to be. These should be sanded down to the point of being bare, to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest of the frame. After the sanding process, apply a coat of flax oil to the wood's surface to prolong its life.

Then, you need to measure the size of the window's opening. It is necessary to measure the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the entire opening, as well as the thickness. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you get the exact measurement for the new pane. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. Take these measurements to your local hardware or home improvement store and ask them to cut you a piece cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window panel replacement pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.