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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. It's highly treatable, with numerous medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications are also used to treat depression and alleviate symptoms of anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month for them to begin working.

These medications are effective by increasing the quantity of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These drugs are usually the first choice to treat anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, called serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They function a bit differently than SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. They can take a while to take effects, and also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants, like imipramine Tofranil are effective in treating anxiety disorders. However their drowsiness as well as other side effects make them less well-known. Another type of antidepressant, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to treat anxiety. However, their restrictions on diet and high risk of toxicity limit their use.

Benzodiazepines are commonly used to combat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can trigger addiction tolerance, sedation, and tolerance, as well as withdrawal symptoms such a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of any anxiety treatment plan. It helps you to better be aware of your symptoms and reasons. Many people find that therapy and medication both help them cope. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive behavior therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk to your doctor to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming affect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also reduce symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart rate and trembling) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids, at receptors within the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala, an area of the brain which detects threats and gives the sensation of fear.

These medications are typically employed for short periods of time like a panic attack or severe anxiety episodes. They may ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Benzodiazepines, unlike SSRIs do not stay in the body for long. They are fast acting and can work within a couple of hours. This makes them suitable for situations where immediate relief is needed (such for instance, during an airplane ride or before a presentation in public).

They are addictive, and people are generally only prescribed them for up to four weeks at one time. After that, they also become less effective.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have few negative effects compared to predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They are fast in the start of action and are extremely effective as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety) as well as sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed in the 1970s and 1980s which included the reduction of the disorder, as well as the belief that benzodiazepine treatment can You treat Anxiety without Medication lead to physical dependence. Yet however, benzodiazepines still play a major role in the self treatment for anxiety for anxiety disorders, especially when they are combined with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and cause unwanted side-effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medicines you are currently taking or plan to take. You can find out which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of medication interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and mental illnesses. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health conditions, including eating disorders, bipolar disorder and certain kinds of pain.

Most doctors recommend SSRIs as a first-line treatment for anxiety, however these drugs may not be effective for all people. If these antidepressants don't work, the doctor may try an older type called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline and clomipramine. These antidepressants are not as popular but are still readily available. You may ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel) in lower doses if you're experiencing sleep issues or anxiety.

Other antidepressants that may help are Nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic form. If they aren't working, your physician may suggest the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They lower heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety on their own however they can be beneficial when paired with psychological therapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to alter negative thoughts and behaviors that can cause anxiety. It can help you to control your anxiety, and develop coping skills. Depending on the severity of your situation exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help you overcome negative, fearful thoughts and overcome the fear of situations that cause your anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the level of anxiety-inducing situations until can cope with them. This can be done in a single session or in smaller groups. In both cases, it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best option for certain people. Some people find that medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Other drugs can also aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers and antihistamines are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking signals that trigger stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You will still have to take steps to reduce anxiety, including exercises as well as relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. Common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) and the fluoxetine (Prozac), Citropram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may cause mild side effects like insomnia and nausea, however they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. In contrast to benzodiazepines, these are not addictive and do not increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause adverse effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, and dependence. These are less popular than older barbiturates, however they are equally effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially designed to help with allergies. However they also serve to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and may cause an energizing effect. It is not a controlled substance, so it does not carry the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are an additional type of medication which can aid in reducing anxiety. They have been found to reduce anxiety by blocking the production and release dopamine and sérotonin. These medications may be prescribed as part of an integrated therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are appropriate for you. They'll also talk about how long you should be taking them and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, so it is necessary to see a psychiatrist to prescribe it.