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Planar Magnetic Loudspeakers and Ribbon Tweeters

Planar magnetic drivers as well as ribbon tweeters and other dynamic speakers have many advantages. Their large diaphragms require very little movement (excursion) to reproduce the same sound quality as a conventional driver, which results in extremely low distortion.

They also have a dipolar radiation pattern which means they radiate equally to the front and back of the speaker.

High-Resolution Sound

They are known for their precise, clear sound effects. They are known for their high-resolution and reveal subtle nuances in music that other drivers are unable to reproduce or show.

In addition to their impressive precision, ribbon and planar drivers provide superior sound staging that allow them to create an expansive soundstage with exceptional clarity. This makes them a great choice for audiophiles as well as home theater enthusiasts who are looking to listen to music to the highest level possible.

A key feature of ribbon and planar drivers is their dipole radiation pattern which emits equal energy both front and back, inverted phase to create a natural and spacious soundstage. This, combined with their large dispersion makes them suitable for large rooms, as they can fill the room with a broad and natural soundstage, without causing unnatural reflections off furniture and walls.

Planar magnetic drivers also have a rapid response time, which allows them to reproduce transients with more precision and speed than traditional cone drivers. This results in a crisp and detailed sound, even at higher frequencies.

Another benefit of planar magnetic drivers is their low distortion. This is due to the fact that they do not employ an actual voice coil, but instead an electrostatic field. This allows the diaphragm to move, without creating vibrations that could cause unwanted distortion.

A planar driver also has a larger gap between the magnets than cone speakers. This results in a better frequency response and lower distortion at lower amplitudes, while still providing excellent bass performance.

Despite their many benefits, planar magnetic drivers have some limitations to take into consideration. They can be costly and require more power to other types of speakers. Also, they can be bulky and difficult to fit into some rooms. They are also sensitive to the acoustics in the room, and require extensive treatment of the room to achieve optimal performance. There are solutions to lessen the problems. For example, you can add an attenuation resistance (provided by speakers) and place it in the attenuation settings. Or, you can apply a variety of room treatment.

Wide Dispersion

Like electrostatic speakers magnetic speakers produce sound through the regulation of the electrical charge that travels through wires that are suspended between magnets. However, they directly move a flat diaphragm instead than an electrostatic charge which allows for a much larger surface area and more accuracy. This principle of operation also allows for the construction of them into smaller, less expensive headphones and speakers than electrostatic models.

In addition to providing a wide dispersion, planar drivers offer superior imaging and clarity of soundstages, particularly in the upper frequencies where they excel. This is an excellent benefit for music audiophiles who enjoy watching movies or music on a large screen or in an open space.

Planar drivers also can produce an extremely deep bass since they can be augmented with subwoofers in boxes that are attached to or separated from the membrane that resembles a ribbon. This is in contrast to traditional cone-type speakers that have woofers located at the bottom, which are unable to reproduce bass frequencies due to the physical constraints of woofer enclosures.

Another advantage of a planar driver is its extremely low distortion, which is directly related to the size and the excursion of the diaphragm, which is shaped like a ribbon. As a result, a planar speaker can produce an extremely high volume of sound with little distortion, which is the reason it gives such a crisp and precise reproduction.

In comparison the dynamic drivers that are used in standard headphones and speakers typically show significant levels of distortion when driven to the limits of extreme excursion. Dynamic drivers can produce a hollow or music boomy sound.

Planar magnetic drivers are extremely efficient. They require less power to drive, which results in a lower power usage and less environmental impact. In addition, their diaphragms are typically made of lighter materials than standard speakers, which reduces the amount of energy needed to propel them to produce the desired sound pressure.

Many audiophiles have heard of speakers made of ribbon and planar, such as those made by Magnepan Infinity and Apogee Acoustics. However, an entirely new brand is on the market. For instance, new planar loudspeakers from manufacturers such as Diptyque and Clarisys Audio are incorporating the most advanced ribbon technology.

Low Distortion

Since planar magnetic speakers do not feature a cone- or dome shaped diaphragm they produce extremely low distortion. This is the direct result of their unique design which eliminates the voice coil inductance associated with conventional dynamic speaker drivers (see U.S. Patent 6,353,560). This means that the diaphragm is never being out of phase with its surroundings magnetic field, resulting in a constant output level. In general, distortion only occurs when waveforms with large amplitudes are reproduced. With a single-ended planar magnetic driver distortion is virtually nonexistent at all frequencies that go beyond the bass.

In addition to their extremely low distortion and low distortion, planar magnetic loudspeakers provide very high efficiency. This allows the drive to use much less energy than other technologies for speakers. This in turn translates to lower operating costs and reduced energy consumption.

Planar magnetic drivers also have significantly lower distortion than traditional dynamic speakers and are even less distortion for electrostatic speakers. This is because the planar magnet driver's flat diaphragm is equipped with a conductor trace that lets it react to magnetic fields generated on either side.

The two magnets have to be placed with care to ensure that the voice element is placed within the magnetic field at all times. This is what allows for the extremely linear performance of planar magnetic drivers at all frequencies above the bass.

Planar magnetic drivers offer a variety of other advantages however the most significant is that they can be built as either dipoles (radiating in opposite phases and equally behind and in front of the speaker like an ESL) or Monopoles (radiating in the direction of travel similar to traditional dynamic speakers). This allows for a variety of designs, particularly when combined the ribbon-tweeter.

There are a myriad of planar magnetic loudspeakers on the market today, from brands such as Hifiman Dan Clark Audeze and Fostex. Each company has a signature sound, which is a result from their patented driver designs and other technological innovations. The commonality among these speakers is their astonishing quality, dynamic, and controlled directionality.

High Power Handling

planar magnetic iem magnetic speakers can handle more power than traditional dynamic moving coil drivers without the strain and strain that they can cause. The "voice coil" is not squeezed into the tiny gap between cones and baskets as in traditional dynamic drivers. Instead, it is spread across an area larger. This provides the voice coil with a larger surface area to help disperse heat effectively.

Planar drivers can handle such a large amount of power because they are so lightweight compared to conventional drivers. Dynamic drivers utilize diaphragms with heavy, thick diaphragms that are several orders of magnitude larger and heavier than the diaphragms that are ultra-light and thin employed in planar magnetic drivers. Because of their mass, conventional diaphragms require a greater amount of force to move forwards and backwards (a measurement known as excursion) to create an appropriate level of sound pressure.

They aren't able to be driven nearly as much as a planar magnet driver, since the voice coil will begin to produce significant distortion. Therefore, it is essential to purchase loudspeakers rated for the amplifier you're planning to use.

The high excitation of a planar magnetic driver also allows it to create a wider soundstage than conventional drivers. This is because the diaphragm vibrates evenly and flat to create an asymmetrical wavefront, not the spherical wavefront that is common with conventional drivers. This larger soundstage also increases the accuracy and detail of the speakers and allows them to better reproduce details and more complex sounds.

The drawback of the superior power handling that is offered by planar magnetic drives is that they can be more expensive to produce and require stronger amplifiers to drive them to their maximum capacity. They can be massive and heavy which can make it difficult to install in certain environments. They also have a limited bass response, so you may have to add a subwoofer to your system in order to get the best results at lower frequencies.