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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged or cracked window can be a source of frustration. It could be a chance to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones and enjoy advantages like improved comfort, increased resale values and lower utility costs.

It's a task you can take on yourself for a fraction of the cost of hiring a professional. You only need the right tools and a few hours of your time.

Glass

If your single pane windows are old, deteriorating or broken replacing them with more modern glass that is tempered or insulated will increase energy efficiency and reduce noise while preserving the original character of older homes. The majority of homeowners with basic hand tools can replace a window pane. In addition to a replacement pane, the following items are needed for the replacement process: latex glazing putty glazier's points; pliers; and the use of a heat gun to warm the old putty, if needed. Before starting, put on gloves and safety goggles as working with broken glass can cause injuries.

Begin by removing any broken pieces of glass. It is recommended to use pliers however a flathead could be used equally. Make use of a wood chisel or putty knife to get rid of any old putty remaining around the frame and window sash. Work slowly and carefully, taking care not to break the current window double glazing replacement sash. It is recommended to do this on a sturdy ladder rather than on the ground and have someone standing below the sash in order to help hold it in place.

After you have removed all the old putty, you can prepare the window frame to fit the new pane. To allow for seasonal expansion or contraction, subtract 1/8 inch each from the measurements of the width and height. Bring these measurements to the nearest hardware store or home center and get a piece of stock glass cut to size. You can cut the glass yourself if you have the right tools.

After installing the new pane, run a small bead of caulking along the edge to ensure it is weatherproof. Install a glazier’s point on both sides of the frame. This will ensure the pane. The points should not be tight enough to create friction between the frame and sash, but they should also not be loose.

Before applying the putty on the surface, gently knead it until it becomes soft and free from lumps. Make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip in the corner of the frame, working from one corner to the other to ensure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are small triangular pieces of metal that allow glass to be secured into the window frame without damaging the delicate surface. Understanding how to use these little helpers is easy and can save you money on professional installation or the cost of new glass.

After taking off the old putty, glazier points, and any other residue clean the frame thoroughly with an utility knife. Lightly sand the wood into the rabbet grooves to smooth rough areas. If you decide to sand wood, cover it with painter's tape to protect it from damage caused by accidental sanding.

Note down the dimensions of the frame. These dimensions can be taken to a home center or hardware store, and the new pane will be cut slightly smaller. This will ensure a tight fit and will allow room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane into the frame and press it down using your hands. Utilize the point of the chisel or the edge of the putty blade to tap in the glazier's points, as illustrated in Figure 11. When you're done, they should be level with the top edge of the pane, and the shoulders of the points should be just below the lip of the rabbet groove.

Apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the rabbet grooves and edges of the new glass. This will seal and protect the edges. Allow this to dry and cure fully.

After the glazing compound dries it's time to put in the new window sash. First, coat the wood with a thick layer of linseed. This will stop the new putty from drying out and cracking as it absorbs moisture. Apply this coat using a brush or the tip of your putty knife, then use the chisel, or the back end from the putty knife to gently hammer in the new sash and glazier's points into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this procedure every 10 inches around the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A hurled baseball, an errant rock or falling branch could cause a window to crack or break. Most windows can be replaced by simply putting in a fresh piece. The glass is held in place with a small metal clip called a glazier's point, and putty, which is often called glazing compound. Remove the old pane and clean the area using an abrasive, scraper that is a pull type or a wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses when working. You'll need a heat gun in the event that the window is glued into the frame.

If you're planning to install the original sash, remove any pieces of molding that secure the old pane. Sand the sash until it is flat and ready for new caulk. Once the sash is installed and sanded, apply a fresh caulk made of silicone around the glass to ensure that it will not leak or change color as time passes.

Take the glazing points out of the rabbets and the grooves in the sash, where the glass is. If they're hard to chisel, use an instrument such as a heatgun over them to soften first. If you're using a heated gun, be cautious not to cause damage to the railings of the sash or the sash itself by holding the tool too tightly.

Once the old glazing points and putty are removed, prepare a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, forming it into a 1/2-inch thick. Then, press it into the rabbets, where the glass will rest. It's important that the glass is positioned against the putty in all places on both sides So if you have to tap it, gently press the glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked, you can cover it with a solvent-based glass glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to apply putty over the crack to create an airtight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried and the film is oily, wipe it off the glass with the help of a rag. Allow it to dry completely before painting. Paint before the putty has completely dried. It won't form a good seal and may be leaking or discoloring over time.

Paint

If you've had a broken window pane, then you may be worried about the expense of a new one. It's true that replacing a single pane glass doesn't need to be expensive if you do it on your own. In fact windows with double glazing replacement window panes can be replaced at only a fraction of the cost of a professional.

If you are working with large glass windows first ensure it is securely attached to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques you can accomplish this task fairly easily and speedy.

When you are ready to start with the removal of the window pane. Remove the metal glazing points attached to it. These are tiny metal triangles which act as "nails" that hold the window within the frame. They are placed under a bead or glazing glue which hardens into a solid wedge that holds the wood frame firmly in position and hides the sharp edges.

After removing the old pane, clean the frame and wood. Scrape off any paint that has been used, and sand the rabbet grooves that the glazing points were. They should be sanded to bare wood to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest of the frame. After the sanding process, apply a coat of flax oil on the wood that is not sanded down to extend the life of the frame.

Then, you need to measure the size of the window opening. It is necessary to take vertical and horizontal measurements of the entire opening, and also the thickness of the old pane. To determine the exact dimensions of the new pane subtract 1/8 inch from both measurements. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasonal changes. You can take these measurements to a hardware or home improvement shop and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.