• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the idea that natural processes can lead to the development of organisms over time. This includes the development of new species as well as the transformation of the appearance of existing species.

This is evident in numerous examples such as the stickleback fish species that can live in saltwater or fresh water and walking stick insect types that have a preference for particular host plants. These reversible traits however, are not able to be the reason for fundamental changes in body plans.

Evolution through Natural Selection

Scientists have been fascinated by the development of all living organisms that inhabit our planet for ages. Charles Darwin's natural selectivity is the most well-known explanation. This process occurs when people who are more well-adapted are able to reproduce faster and longer than those who are less well-adapted. Over time, a population of well-adapted individuals expands and eventually becomes a new species.

Natural selection is a cyclical process that is characterized by the interaction of three elements: variation, inheritance and reproduction. Variation is caused by mutation and sexual reproduction, both of which increase the genetic diversity within the species. Inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic traits, including recessive and dominant genes, to their offspring. Reproduction is the process of producing viable, fertile offspring. This can be accomplished by both asexual or sexual methods.

All of these variables must be in harmony to allow natural selection to take place. For instance when an allele that is dominant at one gene allows an organism to live and reproduce more frequently than the recessive allele, the dominant allele will be more prevalent within the population. If the allele confers a negative survival advantage or decreases the fertility of the population, it will be eliminated. The process is self-reinforcing meaning that the organism with an adaptive trait will survive and reproduce more quickly than those with a maladaptive trait. The more offspring that an organism has, the greater its fitness that is determined by its ability to reproduce and survive. People with desirable traits, like a longer neck in giraffes, or bright white color patterns in male peacocks are more likely survive and have offspring, so they will become the majority of the population in the future.

Natural selection only acts on populations, not individual organisms. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution which argues that animals acquire characteristics by use or inactivity. For instance, if the giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach for prey its offspring will inherit a longer neck. The difference in neck size between generations will continue to increase until the giraffe becomes unable to reproduce with other giraffes.

Evolution through Genetic Drift

Genetic drift occurs when alleles of one gene are distributed randomly within a population. At some point, one will reach fixation (become so common that it is unable to be eliminated through natural selection), while the other alleles drop to lower frequencies. In extreme cases, this leads to dominance of a single allele. The other alleles are eliminated, and heterozygosity is reduced to zero. In a small number of people it could lead to the complete elimination of recessive alleles. This scenario is called the bottleneck effect and is typical of an evolution process that occurs when the number of individuals migrate to form a population.

A phenotypic bottleneck could occur when the survivors of a catastrophe, such as an epidemic or mass hunting event, are condensed into a small area. The survivors will be largely homozygous for the dominant allele, which means that they will all share the same phenotype and consequently share the same fitness characteristics. This can be caused by war, earthquakes, or even plagues. Regardless of the cause, 에볼루션 바카라 무료카지노사이트 (www.gtcm.info) the genetically distinct population that remains could be prone to genetic drift.

Walsh Lewens and Ariew employ Lewens, Walsh, and Ariew use a "purely outcome-oriented" definition of drift as any departure from the expected values for different fitness levels. They provide the famous case of twins that are genetically identical and share the same phenotype. However, one is struck by lightning and dies, 바카라 에볼루션사이트 (http://Unit.igaoche.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=1091284) while the other is able to reproduce.

This kind of drift could play a crucial part in the evolution of an organism. However, it is not the only method to develop. Natural selection is the most common alternative, in which mutations and migrations maintain the phenotypic diversity of the population.

Stephens asserts that there is a big distinction between treating drift as a force, or a cause and treating other causes of evolution, such as selection, mutation and migration as causes or causes. He argues that a causal-process explanation of drift lets us separate it from other forces, and this distinction is essential. He also argues that drift has a direction, that is it tends to reduce heterozygosity. It also has a size, that is determined by the size of the population.

Evolution through Lamarckism

Students of biology in high school are frequently exposed to Jean-Baptiste lamarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution is generally called "Lamarckism" and it states that simple organisms develop into more complex organisms through the inheritance of traits that are a result of the natural activities of an organism use and misuse. Lamarckism is typically illustrated by a picture of a giraffe stretching its neck longer to reach the higher branches in the trees. This could cause the longer necks of giraffes to be passed on to their offspring who would grow taller.

Lamarck Lamarck, a French zoologist, presented a revolutionary concept in his opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged the traditional thinking about organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living creatures evolved from inanimate matter by a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to suggest that this could be the case but he is widely seen as being the one who gave the subject its first general and comprehensive analysis.

The predominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory on evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism fought in the 19th Century. Darwinism ultimately won and led to what biologists call the Modern Synthesis. The theory denies that acquired characteristics can be passed down and 에볼루션 카지노 instead, it claims that organisms evolve through the selective action of environment elements, like Natural Selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries supported the notion that acquired characters could be passed on to the next generation. However, this concept was never a central part of any of their evolutionary theories. This is partly because it was never scientifically tested.

It's been more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age genomics there is a vast body of evidence supporting the heritability of acquired characteristics. This is often referred to as "neo-Lamarckism" or more frequently epigenetic inheritance. This is a model that is just as valid as the popular Neodarwinian model.

Evolution by the process of adaptation

One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is its being driven by a struggle to survive. In reality, this notion misrepresents natural selection and ignores the other forces that determine the rate of evolution. The fight for survival can be more effectively described as a struggle to survive within a particular environment, which may involve not only other organisms but as well the physical environment.

To understand how evolution operates it is important to understand what is adaptation. The term "adaptation" refers to any characteristic that allows a living thing to live in its environment and reproduce. It can be a physiological structure such as feathers or fur or a behavior 에볼루션 코리아 like moving into shade in hot weather or stepping out at night to avoid the cold.

The ability of a living thing to extract energy from its surroundings and interact with other organisms and their physical environment, is crucial to its survival. The organism must have the right genes to produce offspring, and be able to find enough food and resources. In addition, the organism should be capable of reproducing itself at an optimal rate within its niche.

These factors, together with mutation and gene flow can result in a change in the proportion of alleles (different types of a gene) in a population's gene pool. The change in frequency of alleles could lead to the development of novel traits and eventually new species in the course of time.

Many of the characteristics we admire in animals and plants are adaptations. For example lung or gills that extract oxygen from air, fur and feathers as insulation and long legs to get away from predators and camouflage to conceal. To understand the concept of adaptation it is crucial to distinguish between behavioral and physiological traits.

Physiological adaptations, such as thick fur or gills, are physical traits, whereas behavioral adaptations, like the tendency to seek out companions or to move to shade in hot weather, are not. It is important to remember that a insufficient planning does not cause an adaptation. Inability to think about the implications of a choice even if it seems to be rational, could make it unadaptive.