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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million people in the United States. It's highly treatable, with many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most common anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications can also be used to treat depression and alleviate symptoms of other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to a month to begin working.

These drugs increase the amount of certain chemical messengers in the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. These drugs are usually the first choice to treat anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They work a little differently from SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. These medications may take some time to begin taking effects, and they tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine Tofranil are effective for treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, and other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant used to treat anxiety. Their high toxicity risk and restrictions on diets limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used treat anxiety and panic attacks in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can trigger tolerance addiction, sedation as well as withdrawal reactions that can cause rebound anxiety, depression and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are commonly found in alprazolam as well as clonazepam and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential component of an anxiety treatment plan because it allows you to understand your symptoms and their root causes. Many people find that therapy and medication help them to cope. Certain studies have proven that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as anxiety medications. Talk to your doctor to determine what is the best anxiety treatment is the best natural treatment for anxiety option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart racing and shaking) and encourage sleep.

They work by binding inhibitory neurons, such as GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala, a region of the brain that detects threats and creates the feeling of fear.

These medicines are often used for short periods, such as during panic attacks or an anxiety episodes. They can relieve symptoms within 30 to 60 minutes. Contrary to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They are fast acting and can be used within a few hours. This makes them ideal for situations in which quick relief is required (such for instance, during a flight or prior to presenting in public).

They are addictive, which is why people are generally only prescribed them for up to four weeks at each time. They also lose effectiveness after that time.

One of the reasons benzodiazepines became so popular is they were efficient and had few side effects when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are safe and have a rapid start, and can be employed as anxiolytics to decrease anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s which included the reduction of the disorder and the belief that benzodiazepine treatment lead to physical dependence. Despite this however, benzodiazepines still play a significant role in the treatment for online anxiety treatment disorders, particularly when combined with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause undesirable side effects, such as drowsiness and confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you currently take or are planning to take. You can find out which medications are safe to use with benzodiazepines through the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other conditions, too, such as eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first line treatment for anxiety, however these medications might not be suitable for everyone. If the antidepressants do not work, the doctor may try an older version known as a tetracyclic, or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. These antidepressants are not as popular but they are still accessible. Your doctor can also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine may also be beneficial. These medications are also available in generic forms. If they aren't working, your physician may suggest the sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They reduce heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These medications are not typically used to treat social anxiety disorder treatment alone however they can be effective when combined with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to your anxiety. It can help you to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Based on your specific situation, you may receive cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you to overcome unhelpful and fearful thoughts, and overcome your fear of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-provoking situations until you are able to manage them. This can be done individually or in smaller groups. In both cases, it takes time to show results. Some people find that the combination of psychotherapy and medication is the best choice. Some people find that taking medication alone is sufficient to treat symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most common medications to treat anxiety, other drugs can help alleviate your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These medications can help ease your symptoms, by reducing or blocking the signals that cause stress and fear. They're not a panacea. You'll need to continue doing other things to manage your anxiety, like exercises, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor could initially prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medications, which are SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders according to research studies. The most common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) as well as the fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications may cause minor side effects, such as insomnia and nausea, but these usually subside in 4-8 weeks. In contrast to benzodiazepines, these are not addictive and won't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as Clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief from anxiety and panic attacks however they can also cause side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, and dependence. They're a less popular choice than the barbiturates of the past, however, they're equally efficient.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are created to treat allergies, but they're also sometimes employed to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and may cause the body to relax. It is not a controlled substance and therefore does not carry the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants, which have been shown to relieve anxiety by interfering with the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. They might be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment of anxiety for anxiety. Your doctor will examine your medical history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are suitable for you. They'll also talk about how long you should take them for and any potential side effects. Anxiety medications are only available through prescription, and a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.