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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso utilizes precise pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the delicious coffee we enjoy. How does it work exactly?

To make an espresso, hot water is pushed under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However, the pressure is the primary difference.

The Head of the Group

The group head is the portafilter that is inserted when you are making espresso. It distributes water into the portafilter, and then regulates the pressure of extraction. There are a variety of types of group head, each with their distinct advantages and drawbacks. Some focus on temperature stability, while others on pre-infusion options, and others are designed to control the lever. There are even some that come with a range of features, such as the E61 that is the standard choice for many baristas because of its ability to provide multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see in the above photo The group head features several notches to place your portafilter before twisting it by hand to secure it. A gasket of rubber is situated inside the notches, which helps make a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head permit a precise placement of the portafilter, which is vital for an efficient extraction.

In addition to allowing you to easily insert your portafilter, the group head is responsible to maintain an even temperature. It does this by circulating hot water through the brew basket, and around the portafilter, ensuring that it's always at the right temperature for extraction. This is vital, because even a few degrees can mean the difference between excellent and great espresso.

The Pump

In contrast to manual piston machines that use a lever to pressurize water, rotating espresso machines rely upon motorized pumps to provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure needed to extract espresso. This pressure is built up by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and best coffee espresso machine then through the ground coffee.

Pumps tend to be less expensive and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both kinds of machines can degrade due to excessive use and poor cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, which can raise the cost of even most basic models.

Some espresso machines employ steam pressure instead of a pump to brew espresso. The disadvantage of this is that the same boiler that produces steam also raises the temperature of water until it reaches boiling which could lead to over-extraction. The machines also need to constantly rebuild their pressure in between cups. This requires energy and time.

Many espresso machines make use of a vibration or rotary pump, with a vibrating model using a vibrating disc to create pressure, and rotating models that push hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both types of machine can produce an excellent espresso, but the rotary models are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps.

The Boiler

The boiler makes the water warm to the ideal temperature to extract. The steam produced gets to the portafilter which is a container for espresso grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. In this process, the steam creates pressure and pushes through the coffee grounds. This creates a foam on the top of the espresso. This is a hallmark of a good espresso.

There are three distinct types of espresso machines, each with different pumps and the temperature of the brew. There are also different ways that the brew may be controlled and the size of the cup the machine can make.

The first espresso machine small machines were steam types. They had one boiler to create steam and brew, however, the pressure they could produce was very low - just two bars of atmospheric pressure at the most. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is the reason why Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni created the modern espresso machine.

The most common espresso maker is a semi-automatic one with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they imagine these machines. With a semi-automatic espresso machine, you must grind the beans and then tamp them by hand, but the pump regulates the flow of water and pressure. This is a fantastic combination of human control and mechanized consistency.

The Filter

Espresso machines usually have filters that separate the grounds of the coffee from hot water. The filter is also an important component of the temperature control system, as it keeps the machine from overheating.

It also improves flavor, since a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom time. This allows the beans to let their nuances out, and allows for a better extraction.

However, it is important to keep in mind that even a good filter can result in a poor cup of coffee, since the quality espresso machine of the beans and extraction are essential.

It's here that the magic happens. This is what makes espresso taste so delicious. The grouphead, often referred to as the brew head, is where the portafilter (the device you put the ground coffee into) is placed when you're making espresso coffee machine uk.

In a steam-driven espresso machine hot water is heated in an airtight container to create steam. This then pushes the hot water through the grounds at a high pressure. These types of machines are typically less expensive and easier to maintain than pump-driven models. They are however limited to create the ideal conditions for brewing since they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They use an air compressor to force hot water through the ground and are much more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.