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This is an amount of words greater than the entire Australasian traffic with Great Britain, Europe, and America. Europe, including Great Britain, is united to the North American continent by no less than sixteen cables. In return for this privilege allowed us by the Americans, we must grant the Americans the privilege of landing their cables in Canada on the way to Europe, (c) No doubt if the American-owned cables were beating our cables out of the field, it would become a question whether, in spite of the above observations, our Government should allow such cables to utilize British territory for that purpose. The reason for the laying of these four latter cables has been rather political than commercial. The point, then, which merits attention here is that of the sixteen North Atlantic cables only five are British, and that these British cables have to encounter a severe competition from American, French, and German enterprise, aided in the two latter instances by the funds of the State.

The latter section of it consists of cables owned by the Indo-European Telegraph Department of the Indian Government, running from Fao to Karachi. Clearly, the only solution of this problem was for British enterprise to construct a line of submarine cables to India. Clearly, then, from a purely financial standpoint, a cable to India could be put out of existence by the land-line. This was accomplished in 1872, and Sir Charles Todd, the Postmaster-General of South Australia, deserves great credit for the resourcefulness and perseverance which he displayed in overcoming the many difficulties and delays encountered during the construction of this long land-line. Great Britain and India. The first really operative route to India is a cable running from Lowestoft to Germany; a land-line across Germany to Russia, and across Russia to Teheran in Persia; and thence a land-line to the sea, and a cable to Karachi. It was accomplished in 1870. The first cablegrams were transmitted to India in June of that year. To give, however, a general figure, the cost of maintaining and repairing a deep-sea cable was put by the Pacific Cable Committee at £70,000 a year for a cable 8,000 miles long. The length was nearly 8,000 miles, and the cost nearly £1,800,000, or at the rate of £225 a mile.

Our five British cables, though landing in Canada instead of the United States, only do so because the speed of a cable varies inversely as the square of its length. It is by being allowed to collect a portion of that traffic in the United States by the agency of their American connections that our five British cables chiefly maintain their power to live. Hence the cables are landed in Canada or Newfoundland, as constituting a convenient half-way house on the road to the rich American traffic centres. Thus a purchase of the cables by the State would result inevitably in a deterioration in the cable service and in a diminution of the international influence of Britain. Thus the land route is immensely cheaper to construct, besides being about five times as cheap to maintain. Thus we finally arrive at the conclusion that the two cables cost annually, and must earn accordingly: For working, £41,700; for reserve, £110,200; for interest, £150,000-total, £301,900; or, say, £300,000. Since power cables are used in an active environment and transfer a high amount of energy, they call for excellent sheathing.

In a power cord, the sheathing is strong and sturdy and is resistant to different external factors, including corrosion and temperatures. Both power and control cables are used in industrial, residential, and commercial applications. Control cables usually have an elaborate color coding, while power cables are often black and white. When used in the same environment, such as industry, a power cable needs a thicker insulation and jacket than a control cable. Aside from the overall purpose, power and control cables have many differences. Another alternative was to use cables for the individual video components, what is control cable but these could require a number of cables to be used and more were needed if audio was also required. It is the dream, or perhaps more than the dream, of Germany to make it effective. It was completed on November 4, 1906, and on the night of December 7, 1906, during the flood, the river again ate its way through the barrier of willow matting, piles, rocks and dirt and once more wended its way toward Salton Sink. Of these twelve, all go direct from Great Britain to Canada except one of them, which lands at the Portuguese islands or the Azores on the way.